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Henry Brougham Farnie
Henry Brougham Farnie (8 April 1836 – 21 September 1889), often called H. B. Farnie, was a British librettist and adapter of French operettas and an author. Some of his English-language versions of operettas became record-setting hits on the London stage of the 1870s and 1880s, strongly competing with the Gilbert and Sullivan operas being played at the same time.
After attending Cambridge University, Farnie returned to his native Scotland, where he was appointed editor of the ''Cupar Gazette.'' In 1857, he wrote ''The Golfer's Manual'', the first book on golf instruction. In 1860, he wrote books on the flora of St. Andrews and on ''The City of St. Rule''. His journalism career brought him to London in 1863 as editor of a new musical journal, ''The Orchestra''. He began to write the lyrics to popular songs, and, in 1867, he began to write plays. During the 1870s and 1880s, Farnie turned out translations and adaptations of dozens of French operas and operettas. Many of the latter had long and successful runs. Among his few enduring lyrics is the "Gendarmes' Duet", adapted from Offenbach's ''Geneviève de Brabant''.
==Life and career==
Farnie was born in Burntisland, Fife, Scotland, one of seven children of James Farnie and the former Margaret Paterson Cairns.〔(Information about Farnie from genealogy site )〕 He was named after the Whig statesman Lord Brougham, to whom the family claimed to be related.〔''The Times'' obituary, 24 September 1889, p. 9〕 Farnie was educated at St. Andrews University, where he won a prize that took him to Cambridge University.〔''The Morning Post'', 24 September 1889, p. 5〕 After leaving Cambridge, he returned to Scotland, where he was appointed editor of the ''Cupar Gazette.''〔 In 1857, Farnie wrote the first book on golf instruction, ''The Golfer's Manual: being an historical and descriptive account of the national game of Scotland'', under the pseudonym, "A Keen Hand".〔(Live auctioneers ), accessed 13 June 2010; and (World Cat listing ), accessed 13 June 2010〕 He also wrote the ''Handy book of St. Andrews'' about the flora of that area of Scotland, and ''The City of St. Rule with calotypes by Thomas Rodger'' (1860).〔(University of St. Andrews library photographic archive ), accessed 13 June 2010〕
In 1863 Farnie moved to London, as editor of a new musical journal, ''The Orchestra''. In the first edition of the magazine, he printed one of his own verses, "The Last Stirrup Cup", which impressed the composer Luigi Arditi so much that he set it to music. The song was taken up by Charles Santley and became immensely popular. ''The Morning Post'' stated that it was familiar to "millions of people".〔 ''The Era'' later wrote, "the success of this casual attempt at song writing determined Farnie's future career."〔''The Era'', obituary, 28 September 1889, p. 8〕 The proprietors of ''The Orchestra'', the musical publishers Cramer and Co, engaged Farnie as their literary adviser, with a brief to adapt and translate foreign operas.〔 Simultaneously, Farnie found himself in demand as the lyricist for popular songs. Among the songs for which he wrote lyrics were, "The Guards' Song" (music by Dan Godfrey),〔''The Musical Times'', April 1865, p. 44〕 "Land Ho" (music by Henry Leslie),〔''The Musical Times'', July 1865, p. 103〕 "The Message from the Battlefield" (music by John Hullah),〔''The Musical Times'', September 1870, p. 581〕 "The Dove and the Maiden" (music by Jacques Offenbach),〔''The Musical Times'', April 1873, p. 53〕 "The Fall of the Leaf" (music by George Macfarren),〔''The Musical Times'', October 1873, p. 251〕 and "Summer is Nigh" (music by Julius Benedict).〔''The Musical Times'', September 1879, pp. 479-82〕
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